This effect is known as Hall effect. With a brief light shed on its applications, let us move on to how you can make the Hall effect derivation from scratch. Stack Exchange network consists of 176 Q&A communities including Stack Overflow, the largest, most trusted online community for developers to learn, share … HALL EFFECT IN p-TYPE SEMICONDUCTOR. The principle of Hall Effect states that when a current-carrying conductor or a semiconductor is introduced to a perpendicular magnetic field, a voltage can be measured at the right angle to the current path. The Hall Effect is used for obtaining information regarding the semiconductor type, the sign of charge carriers, to measure electron or hole concentration and the mobility. Figure 2. If both holes and electrons are conduction carriers, then a different derivation has to be done to solve for Hall coefficient. The experimental setup shown in Figure 2.7.8, depicts a semiconductor bar with a rectangular cross section and length L. A voltage V x is applied between the two contacts, resulting in a field along the x-direction. Figure 3. This demonstration shows Hall effect in semiconductor materials and shows how n-type and p-type semiconductors can be identified. As shown consider a rectangular plate of a p-type semiconductor of width ‘w’ and thickness ‘d’ placed along x-axis. THEORY :-If a current carrying semiconductor specimen is placed in a magnetic field , then an induced Electric field is generated , which will produced potential difference between two surfaces of semiconductor .This potential difference is known as “Hall Voltage” and is proportional to magnetic field and current () Principle of Hall Effect. In the presence of a magnetic field B 0 along the z-direction, the holes will experience a force (the Lorentz force) driving them towards the bottom of the sample as shown in Figure 1. The Hall effect describes the behavior of the free carriers in a semiconductor when applying an electric as well as a magnetic field. Figure \(\PageIndex{2}\) shows a semiconductor … Utilizing the Hall effect to measure blood flow. Being very simple and straight forward phenomena in physics, Hall effect is a fundamental principle in magnetic field sensing and have many practical applications in our daily life. Hall effect formula enables one to determine whether a material serves as a semiconductor or an insulator. A Hall effect transducer measuring small distances. There by, we can also know whether the material is a conductor, insulator or a semiconductor. When a potential difference is applied along its length ‘a’ current ‘I’ starts flowing through it in x direction. The phenomenon is called HALL EFFECT. Figure \(\PageIndex{2}\) Hall effect in presence of both holes (h) and electrons (e) \(^{[3]}\). 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